Mood (depression, anxiety)
12 studies. 3 are trials or meta-analyses.
Trial or meta-analysisCohortSurvey, case or reviewOne dot per study. Size is sample size. Select a dot to open it.
By design
Studies
- L1The Effectiveness of AI Chatbots in Alleviating Mental Distress and Promoting Health Behaviors Among Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis“This systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the potential of AI chatbots to address mental health challenges and promote health behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Retrieval-based dialog systems…”Journal of medical Internet research, 2025
- L2Effect of an AI agent trained on a large language model (LLM) as an intervention for depression and anxiety symptoms in young adults: A 28-day randomized controlled trial“This study found evidence that the LLM-based conversational agent could effectively alleviate the mild anxiety and depressive symptoms of young adults with negative emotions through dialog interventions when the AI…”Applied psychology. Health and well-being, 2025 · n = 865
- L2Effect of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based AI Chatbot on Depression and Loneliness in Chinese University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial With Financial Stress Moderation“The culturally adapted, CBT-based AI chatbot effectively reduced depression and loneliness in Chinese university students, with stronger effects among those experiencing high financial stress. These findings highlight…”JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2025 · n = 100
- L3Therapeutic Potential of Social Chatbots in Alleviating Loneliness and Social Anxiety: Quasi-Experimental Mixed Methods Study“Social chatbots may have the potential to mitigate feelings of loneliness and social anxiety, indicating their possible utility as complementary resources in mental health interventions. User insights emphasize the…”Journal of medical Internet research, 2025
- L3Tech vs. Tradition: ChatGPT and Mindfulness in Enhancing Older Adults' Emotional Health“Similar to mindfulness practice, ChatGPT interactions helped older adults feel less depressed and might eventually reduce costs by replacing mindfulness. In the future, AI can be integrated with conventional…”Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2024
- L3Mental Health Impacts of AI Companions: Triangulating Social Media Quasi-Experiments, User Perspectives, and Relational Theory“We identified trajectories of initiation, escalation, and bonding, wherein AICCs provided emotional validation and social rehearsal but also carried risks of over-reliance and withdrawal. Triangulating across methods,…”arXiv (preprint), 2025 · preprint
- L4Exploring artificial intelligence (AI) Chatbot usage behaviors and their association with mental health outcomes in Chinese university students“In conclusion, AI chatbot usage is relatively common among university students, though overuse and severe dependence are infrequent. AI chatbot usage and dependence are associated with higher levels of depression;…”Journal of affective disorders, 2025 · n = 1,004
- L4Clinical and sociodemographic predictors of AI use for mental health among college students“Students with severe mental health symptoms and some marginalized groups are using unregulated AI tools at elevated rates. Findings underscore the need for research on AI safety for distressed individuals and policies…”Journal of affective disorders, 2026 · n = 675
- L4Social chatbots and emotion regulation in daily life: Examining parasocial interaction and resilience among Chinese individuals with self-reported depressive symptoms“In addition, (d) psychological resilience moderated the association between parasocial interaction and emotion regulation, such that the positive association was stronger at higher levels of resilience. These findings…”Acta psychologica, 2026 · n = 488
- L4Compulsive ChatGPT usage, anxiety, burnout, and sleep disturbance: A serial mediation model based on stimulus-organism-response perspective“Moreover, compulsive usage indirectly contributes to sleep disturbance through anxiety and burnout, demonstrating a significant serial mediation effect. This expanded understanding, derived from a sizable and diverse…”Acta psychologica, 2024
- L5The role of AI companions in supporting adaptive emotion regulation among university students with social anxiety“The study highlights both the promise and limitations of AI companions in supporting adaptive emotion regulation among socially anxious students. A multi-stakeholder effort involving psychologists, educators, and AI…”Discover mental health, 2026 · n = 20
- MapA scoping review on the mental health harms of LLM-based chatbots“Problematic use of LLM-based chatbots, marked by symptoms of emotional or social dependency and withdrawal, correlates with mental health symptoms. Articles on AI psychosis propose several potential links between…”NPJ digital medicine, 2026